gave impetus (verb) inspire: encourage, stimulate
Sinonime: adamancy, bullheadedness, contumacy, die-hardism, doggedness, implacability, implacableness, incompliance, incompliancy, indomitability, inexorability, inexorableness, inflexibility, inflexibleness, intransigence, intransigency, mulishness, obdu, obduracy
Antonime: discourage,
dissuade